<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"><head><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml><o:OfficeDocumentSettings><o:AllowPNG/><o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch></o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><![endif]--></head><body><div class="ydp2a48d1dcyahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family:garamond, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div><div class="ydp2a48d1dcsignature" dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><a href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-07-18/snake-river-salmon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-07-18/snake-river-salmon</a></div><div class="ydp2a48d1dcsignature"><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><div><h1 class="ydp40696a8aheadline" style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-family: times new roman, times, serif; font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2px;">Instead of braving the river, these endangered salmon take the highway</h1><div class="ydp40696a8apage-wrapper" style="margin-top: 40px;"><div class="ydp40696a8apage-main-content"><div class="ydp40696a8apage-lead-media" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img class="ydp40696a8aimage" alt="A man slips a sockeye salmon into a blue sleeve held by a woman in a metal trough of water" src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/99f5632/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb5%2F18%2F080426a6443fa3e3b92dcdf5ad3a%2Fsaving-sockeye-lower-granite-dam.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 800px; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 100%;"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-content" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-caption" style="display: inline;">Technicians Kyle King, left, and Lara Breitkreutz trap a salmon at Lower Granite Dam for trucking past warm water to safety.</div><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-credit" style="display: inline; margin-left: 5px;">(Richard Read / Los Angeles Times)</div></div></div><div class="ydp40696a8abyline" style="margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 680px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div class="ydp40696a8aauthors" style="margin-bottom: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; margin-right: 10px;"><div class="ydp40696a8aauthor-name" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; display: inline; text-transform: uppercase;"><span class="ydp40696a8abyline-prefix" style="text-transform: none;">By </span><a href="https://www.latimes.com/people/richard-read" style="text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span>RICHARD READ</span></a><span class="ydp40696a8aauthor-title" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 4px; display: inline;">SEATTLE BUREAU CHIEF </span></div></div><span class="ydp40696a8apublished-date-day">JULY 18, 2021<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></span><span class="ydp40696a8apublished-time">4 AM PT<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></span><div class="ydp40696a8apage-actions" style="display: block;"><ul class="ydp40696a8aaction-bar-menu" style="margin: 0px; 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background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; position: relative; z-index: 2; width: 100%; max-width: 400px; border-radius: 0px 0px 2px 2px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(224, 228, 233);" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:16px 0 16px 12px;vertical-align:top;border-radius:0 0 0 2px"><img class="ydpfa8ea0b6card-object-1 ydpfa8ea0b6yahoo-ignore-inline-image ydpfa8ea0b6ymail-preserve-class" src="https://s.yimg.com/nq/storm/assets/enhancrV2/23/logos/latimes.png" style="min-width:36px;margin-top:3px" height="36"></td><td style="vertical-align:middle;padding:12px 24px 16px 12px;width:99%;font-family:YahooSans, Helvetica Neue, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;border-radius:0 0 2px 0"><h2 class="ydpfa8ea0b6card-title" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 0px 6px; font-family: YahooSans, Helvetica Neue, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(38, 40, 42); max-width: 314px;">Instead of braving the river, these endangered salmon take the highway</h2><p class="ydpfa8ea0b6card-description" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(151, 155, 167);">Idaho biologists are trucking Snake River sockeye upriver this summer, trying to save them from record-breaking ...</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></a></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></ul></div></div><div class="ydp40696a8apage-article-container" style="max-width: 680px; margin: 0px auto;"><div class="ydp40696a8apage-article-body" data-dateline=""><span class="ydp40696a8adateline" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal;">EAGLE, Idaho —</span><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><div class="ydp40696a8arich-text-article-body" style="display: inline;"><div class="ydp40696a8arich-text-article-body-content ydp40696a8arich-text-body" style="font-family: times new roman, times, serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; display: inline;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 30px; display: inline;">The fish shimmied past her underwater office window inside the Lower Granite Dam, solo and in small groups, an endless parade of Chinook salmon, steelhead and shad.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Debby Stallcop observed and counted, dutifully logging each traveler by species with a tap on a specialized keyboard.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Finally, an hour and a half into her shift at the eastern Washington dam, a lime-green fish, nearly 2 feet long with a forked tail, appeared through the glass. Its distinctively large eye seemed to stare back at her.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Stallcop reached for her desk phone and hit a number on speed dial.</p><div class="ydp40696a8aenhancement" data-align-center="" style="clear: both; margin: 30px 0px; width: 680px;"><div class="ydp40696a8agoogle-dfp-ad-wrapper" data-min-height="270" data-ad-rendered="true" style="text-align: center; min-height: 298px;"><div class="ydp40696a8agoogle-dfp-ad-caption" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 5px; text-transform: uppercase;">ADVERTISEMENT</div></div></div><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“We’ve got a sockeye,” she announced.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">More precisely, a Snake River sockeye — a once-abundant fish pushed to the brink of extinction by overfishing, dam construction and climate change.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Billions of dollars have been spent over the last four decades to save Snake River salmon by restoring streams, relocating sea lions and other predators, building hatcheries and helping fish get<b style="font-weight: bolder;"><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></b>past dams. But those efforts increasingly look futile.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">As heat waves become more common and river temperatures rise, few fish complete the treacherous journey from the Pacific Ocean through eight dams to their spawning grounds in southern Idaho — a 900-mile trip up the Columbia and Snake rivers and their tributaries.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><div class="ydp40696a8aenhancement" data-align-center="" style="clear: both; margin: 30px 0px; width: 680px;"><div id="ydp40696a8anativo_1"><div class="ydp40696a8antv-moap ydp40696a8antv1081110-421128-82171 ydp40696a8antvClickOut ydp40696a8anoskim" id="ydp40696a8antv1081110-421128-82171" data-confiant-id="CONFIANT_AD_SUFFIX_2090" style="width: 680px; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); position: relative; border-color: rgb(214, 214, 214); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; margin: 20px 0px; display: table;"><div class="ydp40696a8antv-img" style="width: 250px; vertical-align: middle; 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text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PBA is Different than Depression: Learn What Defines PBA</a></h2><div class="ydp40696a8antv-author" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px;">By<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://ad.doubleclick.net/ddm/trackclk/N857170.3097532NATIVONATIVE/B25108978.290993154;dc_trk_aid=484079792;dc_trk_cid=140653714;dc_lat=;dc_rdid=;tag_for_child_directed_treatment=;tfua=;gdpr=0;gdpr_consent=?https://www.pbainfo.org/quiza?utm_source=nativo&utm_medium=display&utm_term=nativo1x1&utm_content=dtc_unbranded&utm_campaign=phm_native&ntv_a=CG0GAes9JAFn8QA&prx_ro=s&ntv_acpl=1081110&ntv_acsc=2&ntv_oc=134&ntv_gsscm=820*12;&us_privacy=1YNY&ntv_fpc=72954b87-db25-484c-b45f-56f67f51db28&ntv_cr=0&ntv_fr" style="text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PBAInfo.org</a></div><p style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px; margin: 5px 0px !important;">Experiencing sudden, frequent, uncontrollable laughing and/or crying episodes? It could be Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA), which can happen as a result of a brain injury or certain neurologic conditions.</p></div></div></div><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Hoping to avert disaster amid record July heat, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration authorized an emergency plan to help the sockeye skip the final 300 miles of their migration.</p><div class="ydp40696a8aenhancement" data-align-center="" style="clear: both; margin: 30px 0px; width: 680px;"><img class="ydp40696a8aimage" alt="Debby Stallcop looks out her window at a fish swimming by. " data-srcset="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9bed04d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/320x266!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/f9f8212/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/568x473!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/36cb94b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/768x639!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/99cfeb9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/840x699!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg 840w" data-src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/99cfeb9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/840x699!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg" src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/99cfeb9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2563x2133+0+0/resize/840x699!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2f%2F61%2F767af9734b29bc06080f585077fe%2Flower-granite-fish-count.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 800px; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 100%;" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-content" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-caption" style="display: inline;">Debby Stallcop counts fish that pass by the Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River in eastern Washington state.</div><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-credit" style="display: inline; margin-left: 5px;">(Richard Read / Los Angeles Times)</div></div></div><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">A team of government scientists waited about 150 feet upriver from Stallcop beside the Lower Granite’s<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/1868d15e839544ee8c110194d18b6f65" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">“fish ladder”</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>— a series of artificial streams and pools that provide a path for the sockeye to conquer the final dam on their journey.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">After Stallcop let them know the fish was coming, they waited until they could see it, then opened a chute to let it into a tank of water spiked with anesthetic.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Once the fish stopped thrashing, Dan Baker, an Idaho state fisheries biologist, slid it into a rubber sleeve.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Clutching the specimen tight, another state biologist, John Powell, hurried down 21 steps and deposited it into a 400-gallon tank on the back of a 1-ton pickup.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Instead of taking the river, the sockeye would take the highway.</p><h2 id="ydp40696a8aat-natures-pace" class="ydp40696a8asubhead" style="margin: 0px;">At nature’s pace</h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In the days when only Native Americans inhabited the Northwest, tens of thousands of Snake River sockeye returned each summer to the lakes and streams where they had hatched in the foothills of the Sawtooth Range.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Navigating by smell and Earth’s magnetic field, they gained more than a mile in altitude in the longest migration of any sockeye salmon in the world — an odyssey that ensured only the healthiest, strongest fish survived to reproduce.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Each spring, the sockeye smolt swam unimpeded to the sea for the cycle to begin anew.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Their troubles began with the rise of commercial fishing in the mid 19th century as Columbia River canneries packed massive amounts of fish.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In the 1920s, state game managers began stocking lakes with other species that competed with sockeye for food. Sometimes they dumped poison in a lake to kill all the fish, replacing them with trout prized for fly fishing.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">But the most devastating blow for the sockeye came from a dam-building frenzy that began in the 1930s, submerging rapids and waterfalls and creating a series of artificial lakes that stewed in the sun.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Warmer water bred disease. Slower currents meant that the juveniles often took so long to reach the ocean that they were devoured by birds and seals.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In 1979, the fish counters at the Lower Granite Dam recorded just 25 Snake River sockeye. In 1990, the count fell to zero.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><div class="ydp40696a8aenhancement" data-align-center="" style="clear: both; margin: 30px 0px; width: 680px;"><img class="ydp40696a8aimage" alt="Fish swim on a Lower Granite Dam fish ladder." data-srcset="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/bccd158/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/320x240!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/30eb5a9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/568x426!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/20015eb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/768x576!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/5a4982f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg 840w" data-src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/5a4982f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg" src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/5a4982f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3630x2722+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa3%2Fc6%2Fddb1664949219674b6601c95c9d1%2Flower-granite-fish-ladder.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 800px; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 100%;" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-content" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-caption" style="display: inline;">A fish ladder on the Lower Granite Dam provides passage for migrating Snake River sockeye and other species.</div><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-credit" style="display: inline; margin-left: 5px;">(Richard Read / Los Angeles Times)</div></div></div><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The Snake River sockeye was added to the endangered species list in 1991 after a petition from the Shoshone-Bannock tribes in the spawning areas.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Hatcheries — which produce fertilized eggs that are placed in spawning areas — helped stave off extinction. In 2014, the count at Lower Granite rebounded to 2,786, the most in at least four decades.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">But many<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0238886" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">scientists<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></a><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0238886" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">doubt</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>that the current approach can prevent extinction of the Snake River sockeye as temperatures continue to rise.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“When you start reducing adult returns to the spawning grounds to the low numbers we’re watching right now, it’s like inbreeding — you don’t get enough genetic diversity to sustain the populations,” said Steve Pettit, a retired Idaho Fish and Game biologist. “That can threaten their long-term survival just as much as pure numbers can.”</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Still, he said it’s worth trying: “The sockeye still coming back to Idaho are in my opinion museum pieces.”<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">As of Saturday, the count at the Lower Granite dam this year was 411.</p><h2 id="ydp40696a8ainto-the-truck" class="ydp40696a8asubhead" style="margin: 0px;">Into the truck<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">By late morning, Powell and his team had dropped eight Snake River sockeyes into the tank bolted to the bed of the pickup.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Temperatures at the Lower Granite were climbing into the 90s. Water above 70 degrees quickly becomes lethal for sockeyes, so the race was on to keep the precious cargo cool.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Powell pulled another four buckets of ice from an office freezer and handed them up to Baker, who gently tipped them into the tank.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">At 11:15 a.m., it was time to leave. They hoped to reach the Idaho hatchery by nightfall. It would be the first of several such trips planned for this summer.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Powell climbed into the passenger seat as Baker started the engine and steered out of the canyon through a series of switchbacks into tawny wheat fields that shimmered in the heat.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Watching the reception bars on his cellphone, Powell scrambled to call grocery stores and gas stations — anywhere along the route that might have ice.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Not just any ice would do. Chlorine, an additive in city water supplies, could kill the fish. Powell asked for the Frosty brand. The Spokane manufacturer got its water from a 200-foot-deep well.</p><div class="ydp40696a8aenhancement" data-align-center="" style="clear: both; margin: 30px 0px; width: 680px;"><img class="ydp40696a8aimage" alt="Men in hard hats hold buckets next to a pickup truck with a tank in the bed. " data-srcset="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/29fb6dc/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/320x240!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/637459c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/568x426!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b529d7d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/768x576!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cac5980/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg 840w" data-src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cac5980/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg" src="https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cac5980/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4032x3024+0+0/resize/840x630!/quality/90/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd8%2F92%2F420c187c4206b1ab4a9a8814b460%2Flower-granite-ice.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 800px; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 100%;" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-content" style="font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-caption" style="display: inline;">John Powell, right, hands an ice bucket to fellow Idaho Fish and Game manager Dan Baker to cool salmon at Lower Granite Dam.</div><div class="ydp40696a8afigure-credit" style="display: inline; margin-left: 5px;">(Richard Read / Los Angeles Times)</div></div></div><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Thirty miles into the trip, they pulled into a truck stop just before the Idaho border and dumped in an extra bag of ice they had stowed in the cab.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Road construction slowed the truck to a crawl as the temperature in the tank climbed. Powell called a gas station up the road in Winchester and was told to hurry.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">He arrived too late. A sign out front said that ice was sold out.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“Are you the guy who called?” asked the woman at the cash register.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">When Powell explained their predicament, she raided a private stash made from the owner’s well water. It was only 30 pounds, but every bit helped.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Powell phoned the hatchery and asked his staff to call around. A co-worker called back: An Exxon station 40 miles up the road stocked Frosty.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Fifteen 10-pound bags would buy them some time. They added 10 to the tank and put the other five in the cab for later. At a nearby Subway, the men grabbed sandwiches and switched drivers before pushing on.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Water, ice and fish sloshed in back as the pickup rocked from side to side, rounding curves down the notorious 7% grade of White Bird Hill. Nearing the bottom, Powell and Baker could see the Salmon River — where the fish would have had to swim up rapids if they weren’t in the truck.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In the town of Riggins, a rafting mecca deep in a canyon where sockeyes know to turn east , the dashboard’s outdoor temperature gauge read 110.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">It was getting close to 5 p.m. Baker was finding that businesses ahead in New Meadows, Mesa and Midvale got their ice from chlorinated city supplies in Oregon.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">As the tank water reached 69 degrees, he called his father-in-law, who lived on a farm up ahead in Weiser, a well-known gateway to salmon fishing before dams went in.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Phil Ulmer dug 30 pounds of block ice out of his freezer.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">It was past 9 p.m. when Powell and Baker pulled up at the hatchery in the Boise suburb of Eagle. They got out and peered into the tank.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">All eight fish were alive.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Travis Brown, an assistant manager at the hatchery, pulled a hose to the pickup and slowly added well water to cool them down. The men netted the fish one by one and transferred them to a hatchery tank that looked like an above-ground swimming pool.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The water was a safe 55 degrees.</p><h2 id="ydp40696a8aa-solution" class="ydp40696a8asubhead" style="margin: 0px;">A solution?</h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Maybe nothing can save the Snake River sockeye.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">But there is a dramatic step that has yet to be tried: tearing out dams. In February, 68 fisheries scientists wrote in an open letter to Northwest members of Congress, governors and policy makers that the four dams on the Snake River had to go.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“Breaching the four lower Snake River dams would provide more certainty of achieving long-term survival and recovery than would any other measure,” the letter said.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">It’s a longtime<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2021/jan/21/new-state-report-shows-salmon-still-near-brink-of-/" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">goal of environmentalists</a>, who for decades have tried to use the federal courts to achieve it.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The idea has never gained political traction because of<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://www.voanews.com/science-health/us-house-moves-reverse-order-aid-salmon" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">powerful interests</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>aligned against it. The dams generate power, control floods, provide irrigation and create a waterway for cruise ships, pleasure boats and barges that make up a massive industrial shipping operation.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In February, Mike Simpson, a Republican congressman from Idaho whose district includes the sockeye spawning grounds,<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://newhouse.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/newhouse-keynotes-environmental-conference-support-comprehensive-salmon" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">appalled lawmakers</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>in his party when he<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://simpson.house.gov/uploadedfiles/websiteslides2.4.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pitched a plan</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>to let the Snake River run wild again.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">He wants the federal government to spend $33.5 billion to remove the four dams, replace hydropower with other forms of energy, rework transportation and irrigation systems, compensate businesses and redevelop city waterfronts.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">In an interview, he said that the federal Bonneville Power Administration, which sells electricity generated by the dams, has already put $17 billion toward fish and wildlife over the decades.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“I think you need to preserve those species that God has given us and not let them go extinct if there’s a way of preventing that from happening,” he said.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;"><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/public_lands/rivers/pdfs/Group-letter-to-NW-Senators-on-Simpson-Dam-Proposal.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; background-color: transparent;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Critics</a><span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span>called the plan expensive and extreme. Some dam proponents pointed out that other varieties of sockeye with far shorter migrations were still plentiful.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The Pacific Northwest Waterways Assn., which includes ports, barge companies, farmers and grain elevator operators, said that replacing fuel-efficient barges with trucks, trains and more miles of highway and rail would worsen the climate change that jeopardizes fish.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Simpson, who has yet to draft legislation, said a bill would be unlikely to pass if his party regained control of Congress. He said he was willing to take the political consequences.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">“If I lose my election and we save salmon, I’m fine with that,” he said.</p><h2 id="ydp40696a8ataking-samples" class="ydp40696a8asubhead" style="margin: 0px;">Taking samples</h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The morning after the fish reached the hatchery, Powell joined Brown and Baker — both of whom live there with their families — to check on them.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Brown netted one of the sockeyes, deposited it in a tray and scanned it with an electronic wand — checking for a microchip injected in fish previously handled by researchers.<span class="ydp40696a8aApple-converted-space"> </span></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Finding none, he weighed and measured the fish and gently pressed an ultrasound transducer against its underside, seeing from the presence of ovaries that it was a female.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Seven of the eight sockeyes were missing their adipose fins, indicating that they had originated in hatcheries, which remove the fins before releasing smolt into the wild.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">The lone wild fish was a 24.5-inch male weighing 4.5 pounds. With tweezers, Brown removed three of its scales: they contained annual markings that would be examined under a microscope to determine its age.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Then he used scissors to snip off a tiny section of a rear fin, placing it in a plastic bag. Genetic analysis would determine its origin, down to a specific lake.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">If lab tests found the fish to be healthy, its sperm would be combined in vitro with eggs from wild females. Smolt from the fertilized eggs would be raised at a hatchery 250 miles east in Springfield.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px;">Brown gripped the slippery specimen, punching a hole in its dorsal fin and attaching a zip tie bearing a microchip. Nudging it back into the net, he lowered it into another hatchery tank.</p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px;">Sockeye No. 3DD.003D45155E was ready to become a father.</p></div></div></div><hr style="margin: 40px 0px; border-color: currentcolor; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; background-size:; color: inherit; width: 70px; min-height: 1px;"></div></div><div class="ydp40696a8atags" style="margin: 0px auto 40px; max-width: 680px;"><a class="ydp40696a8alink" href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation" style="text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; border-top-width:; border-right-width:; border-bottom-width:; border-left-width:; font-family: arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; padding: 0px 5px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">WORLD & NATION</a></div><div class="ydp40696a8abylines" style="margin-bottom: 20px;"><div class="ydp40696a8aauthor-info" style="margin-top: 20px; 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