<html><head></head><body><div class="ydp9bcd5851yahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family:garamond, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div><br></div></div><div id="ydpa7cc7bdayahoo_quoted_2293344284" class="ydpa7cc7bdayahoo_quoted"><div style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;"><div><div id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849"><div><div style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;"><div></div><div class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-1nu1ipb ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e2w5h5p2" style="margin-bottom:15px;">NY Times 9/29/20<span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT661_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT702_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/4MlXmH5mOZci8OSoE36ZTQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0SwaHR0cDovL3d3dy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD00OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jYV8yMDIwMDkyOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0yMjYxOCZubD1jYWxpZm9ybmlhLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9NzQwNjg4NDYmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0zOTMwMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODlXA255dEIKAD0WN3NfyI13oFIQc2FyaUBzaXNxdGVsLm5ldFgEAAAAAA~~" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img alt="The New York Times" style="width: 300px; max-width: 691px;" src="https://static01.nytimes.com/email-images/New_Headers/NYT-Headers-N-CaliforniaToday%402x.png" data-id="1601488300205"></a></span></span><br></div><div><div><div><table style="margin:0px;" width="100%" border="0" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="left"><tbody><tr><td id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849EMAIL_CONTAINER" width="100%" align="left"><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr style="width:100%;"><td style="padding:15px 0px 5px;border-bottom:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);text-align:center;width:100%;"><br></td></tr><tr style="width:100%;" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849_a11y-skip-ad-marquee"><td class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-e902px ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e2w5h5p0" style="border-bottom:1px solid rgb(206, 206, 206);padding:25px 0px 20px;width:100%;text-align:center;" width="100%" align="center"><p style="width:100%;margin-bottom:0px;font:12px 12px serif;letter-spacing:0.5px;"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT662_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT703_com_zimbra_date">September 29</span></span>, 2020</p></td></tr><tr style="min-height:20px;"></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0px 0px 15px;vertical-align:middle;" valign="middle"><p style="letter-spacing:0.2px;color:rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-bottom:0px;font:600 13px 18px sans-serif;">By Will McCarthy</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><table style="border-spacing: 0px; font-family: sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto;" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1;" width="100%"><img class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-1pzpqwd ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e167jxfl0" style="display: block; width: 100%; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; max-width: 600px;" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2020/09/29/us/29californiatoday-trout-1/29californiatoday-trout-1-articleLarge.png"></td></tr><tr><td class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-185vw4z ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v1" style="text-align:left;width:100%;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:10px;line-height:14px;" width="100%" align="left"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-atnqj9 ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v2" style="margin: 0px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-family: serif; font-size-adjust: none; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Gary Martinez fishing for trout at Silver Lake, on the June Lake Loop in the Sierra Nevada.</span><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-hpkdsj ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v3" style="margin: 0px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: serif; font-size-adjust: none; padding-left: 5px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); letter-spacing: 0.01em;">Will McCarthy</span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;"><span style="font-style:italic;font-size:inherit;">Good morning.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;"><span style="font-weight:700;font-size:inherit;"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT663_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT704_com_zimbra_date">Today</span></span>, we have another dispatch from the </span><span style="font-weight:700;font-size:inherit;"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT664_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT705_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/oGmxj1UKxgibaq1A3SP9Gw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP4RkAmh0dHBzOi8vbmwubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZi9uZXdzbGV0dGVyL3pCTmdFbkNuQ0h2SzJ3WWVzNXEydkF-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-P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTQ5JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NhXzIwMjAwOTI5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTIyNjE4Jm5sPWNhbGlmb3JuaWEtdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NDA2ODg0NiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTM5MzAyJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD0zODg0YmI4MTE3MjNlMmI0ZTYzMmU5N2ZkYzg3YTQ4OVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" style="color: rgb(40, 110, 208); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(40, 110, 208); text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism</a></span></span></span><span style="font-weight:700;font-size:inherit;">, written by Will McCarthy.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">JUNE LAKE, Calif. — On a <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT665_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT706_com_zimbra_date">Friday</span></span> in late July, Tamara Jimenez waded into one of the many glimmering lakes dotting the Eastern Sierra. Behind her, on a small beach, her grandson filled a plastic bucket with sand.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">“It just feels safer out here, like we’re away from it all,” said Ms. Jimenez, who’d traveled from her home in Orange County.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Surrounded by snow-capped peaks, aspens and avalanche scars, Ms. Jimenez felt the anxiety of the previous four months fade away.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Suddenly, she let out a startled shout. Beside her, bloated and nose up in the water, floated a dead fish.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">When Jay Rowan learned in late April that trout in California hatcheries were exhibiting strange symptoms, he had been the hatchery production manager for California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife for less than a month. Already forced to rejigger operations after the coronavirus lockdowns, Mr. Rowan began to worry that a second crisis was on the way.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">The employees at the Mojave River State Fish Hatchery noticed the trout were developing strange bubbles under their skin. Eyes bulged. Abdomens swelled. At first glance, the symptoms pointed to gas bubble disease, a condition that’s relatively common in hatcheries. Still, they proved odd enough that the state’s senior fish pathologist, Mark Adkison, sent a pathologist to run tests. Within a week, they had their answer: lactococcus garvieae, a rare bacterial infection. It was the first time the bacteria had ever been found in California.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">As Mr. Rowan and his team were under statewide shelter-in-place orders, they moved to institute a lockdown of their own. The Mojave River hatchery, which holds about 860,000 rainbow trout, provides fish for most of the waterways in Southern California. Most fish on site had already been affected. If this bacteria somehow spread to other hatcheries, or spread in the wild, the reverberations could be devastating. It seemed surreal — a pandemic within a pandemic — but on <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT666_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT707_com_zimbra_date">May 4</span></span> the state quarantined the entire hatchery.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">“It rarely, rarely comes to that,” Mr. Rowan said.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><table style="border-spacing: 0px; font-family: sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto;" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1;" width="100%"><img class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-1pzpqwd ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e167jxfl0" style="display: block; width: 100%; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; max-width: 600px;" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2020/09/29/us/29californiatoday-trout-2/29californiatoday-trout-2-articleLarge.png" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true"></td></tr><tr><td class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-185vw4z ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v1" style="text-align:left;width:100%;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:10px;line-height:14px;" width="100%" align="left"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-atnqj9 ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v2" style="margin: 0px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-family: serif; font-size-adjust: none; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">A dead trout in Lake Sabrina, in the Sierra Nevada.</span><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-hpkdsj ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849esd8w5v3" style="margin: 0px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-family: serif; font-size-adjust: none; padding-left: 5px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); letter-spacing: 0.01em;">Will McCarthy</span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">The wild rivers and lakes of California are not entirely wild. Each year, as many as 50 million trout are planted in the state’s waterways. A fish caught on a multiday backpacking adventure could easily have been raised in a hatchery outside of Los Angeles. In the Sierra Nevada, less than 1 percent of large lakes would naturally host trout. Now, thanks to a century of fish stocking, over 60 percent do.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:center;"> <a href="#a11y-skip-0" style="display: block; width: 1px; min-height: 1px;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Continue reading the main story</a><br></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:10px 0px 25px;text-align:center;"><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 600px;"><table style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="border-bottom:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-top:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:20px 0px;text-align:center;"><h3 class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-186xeyn ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e1vokjcl1" style="font:10px 13px sans-serif;color:rgb(102, 102, 102);letter-spacing:0.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0px;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center;"><table style="margin:0px auto;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT667_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT708_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/1MGfhE8kjqYezFltPzxDzg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxOTEwJmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img style="width: 600px; max-width: 300px;" src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=201910&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1601488300205" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT668_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT709_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/S2ba2kaBpUJMJOUREg00JQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxOTExJmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=201911&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td><td align="right"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT669_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT710_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/SJrATe6ydNERdcamxlXcYg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxOTEyJmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=201912&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849_a11y-skip-0"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Earlier frontiersmen, miners and cattle drivers started planting trout in fish-less California waters as early as the late 1800s. Men would travel into the high country on horseback, lugging trout in 40-pound milk jugs to stock mountain lakes.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Sporting groups followed, including the Sierra Club and, ultimately, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife in the late 1920s. As technology improved, fish brought in by horseback gave way to trucks and, in some cases, low-flying aircraft.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Hatcheries provided a natural solution. Fishing licenses would fund the hatcheries, and fishermen would get their trout. To meet those demands, hatcheries try to produce as many fish as possible, which means at most facilities you’ll find thousands of fish swimming in densely packed concrete or aluminum channels known as raceways.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">But those close quarters often lead to illnesses. Lactococcus garvieae actually started at a Spanish trout hatchery in 1988. From there, the bacteria bounced around the world — Italy, South Africa — until arriving in the United States in the past decade. To date, only three other areas in the country have been hit with the bacteria, all hundreds or thousands of miles away from Mojave River. No one knows how it made it to a remote trout hatchery in California.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">What they do know is that, no matter where the bacteria arrived, no one has been able to control it.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">After making the decision to quarantine, Mr. Rowan and his colleagues looked to see if they could divert fish from other hatcheries to fulfill their stocking obligations. The natural choices were two hatcheries in the Owens River valley — Fish Springs and Black Rock — which hold about two million trout combined. Coincidentally, the hatcheries were conducting their annual test for viruses and infections. On <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT670_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT711_com_zimbra_date">June 25</span></span>, the results came back. Positive for lactococcus garvieae.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:center;"> <a href="#a11y-skip-1" style="display: block; width: 1px; min-height: 1px;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Continue reading the main story</a><br></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:10px 0px 25px;text-align:center;"><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 600px;"><table style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="border-bottom:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-top:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:20px 0px;text-align:center;"><h3 class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-186xeyn ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e1vokjcl1" style="font:10px 13px sans-serif;color:rgb(102, 102, 102);letter-spacing:0.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0px;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center;"><table style="margin:0px auto;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT671_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT712_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/HzNooo7xuYYNfUxM_5X1Tg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjA3NDg3JmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img style="width: 600px; max-width: 800px;" src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=207487&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT672_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT713_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/PaoCsKejvx3iSul2dYoViw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjA3NDg5JmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=207489&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td><td align="right"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT673_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT714_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/dEqqYZfcfsadJopAV4LUdw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjA3NDg4JmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=207488&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849_a11y-skip-1"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">State officials quarantined the two hatcheries and scrambled to determine the extent of the outbreak. At Mojave River, more than 50,000 trout had already died from the infection. Even more disturbing, most of the fish were asymptomatic.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">In many counties, especially those straddling the Sierra Nevada, tourism drives the economy. Fishing is a huge part of that. According to Mono County’s Tourism and Economic Development office, tourists bring in more than $600 million every year, and over 40 percent of visitors come to fish. With Covid-19 restrictions locking down most indoor gatherings, outdoor recreation is booming. More people want to go fishing than ever. But the three affected hatcheries supply fish for dozens of creeks, rivers and lakes — essentially the entire Eastern Sierra region. Soon, the fish would be disappearing.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">An hour north of Fish Springs Hatchery, on the June Lake Loop, it’s hard to tell a burgeoning crisis is at hand. Locals say visitors still seem to be pulling out six-pound trout fairly frequently. Part of that is because businesses have bought trout from out of state to help supplement their supply. Ashley Maisano, the manager of the Gull Lake Marina, said she knew it’s not sustainable, but it’s hard to focus on the issue.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">“We have so much else to worry about right now,” Ms. Maisano said.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">Here, every campground is full. “No vacancy” signs light up the doors of motels and resorts. Fauster Madariaga, a guide for a local outfitting company, says it’s busier than he’s ever seen it. Without the extra fish from the state Department of Fish and Wildlife, he says whatever trout remain will go quickly. Mr. Madariaga used to work in a hatchery, so he knows bacterial outbreaks aren’t terribly uncommon. But the timing of this one, and the severity? “It’s strange,” he said. “It’s just strange.”</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:0px;text-align:center;"> <a href="#a11y-skip-2" style="display: block; width: 1px; min-height: 1px;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Continue reading the main story</a><br></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;"><table style="width:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:10px 0px 25px;text-align:center;"><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 600px;"><table style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-image: none; background-size: auto; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="border-bottom:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-top:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);direction:ltr;font-size:0px;padding:20px 0px;text-align:center;"><h3 class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849css-186xeyn ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849e1vokjcl1" style="font:10px 13px sans-serif;color:rgb(102, 102, 102);letter-spacing:0.7px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0px;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</h3><span style="width:100%;text-align:center;"><table style="margin:0px auto;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT674_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT715_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/1XwI0sPnyqiEy4GwO0nr-Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzIzMzg5JmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img style="width: 600px; max-width: 300px;" src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=723389&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1601488300205" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT675_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT716_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/8ixX5RnifT4vYB7nce_g0Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzIzMzkwJmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=723390&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1601476727311" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td><td align="right"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT676_com_zimbra_url"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT717_com_zimbra_url"><a href="https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/ZWMGsquOwrQSVvcC5db90w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRhVbwWP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzIzMzkyJmxpPUNBJm09Mzg4NGJiODExNzIzZTJiNGU2MzJlOTdmZGM4N2E0ODkmcD1DQV8yMDIwMDkyOVcDbnl0QgoAPRY3c1_IjXegUhBzYXJpQHNpc3F0ZWwubmV0WAQAAAAA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://liveintent.newyorktimesinfo.com/imp?s=723392&li=CA&m=3884bb811723e2b4e632e97fdc87a489&p=CA_20200929" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" border="0"></a></span></span><br></td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849_a11y-skip-2"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">By <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT677_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT718_com_zimbra_date">July 21</span></span>, it became clear that the hatcheries couldn’t contain the outbreak. State wildlife officials had never seen this bacteria in California. Typical treatments proved useless. Probiotic feed meant to boost fish immune systems didn’t fare any better. The only options remaining were to watch the fish die slowly in their raceways or to euthanize them. All three million of them.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">The decision proved painful. Mr. Rowan and his team are in many ways the closest to the fish. They’re the ones who care for them and watch them grow. Every day, there is genuine excitement at the hatchery, exclamations of “Look at these guys!” and “They’re doing amazing!” Killing three million of anything takes its toll.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">“We got into this line of work because we love fish,” Mr. Rowan said. “It sucks.”</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">On <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT678_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT719_com_zimbra_date">July 29</span></span>, state officials started the euthanization process, exposing groups of trout to high concentrations of carbon dioxide. They’re now working to completely empty and disinfect all of the raceways, and Mr. Rowan has hopes for a vaccination program down the line. But even then, it’s not clear the story will be over.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;">There’s a good chance all this effort came too late. Since many of the fish are asymptomatic, it’s probable that long before the lactococcus garvieae test came back positive, infected fish were being released into the wild. And so slowly, silently, the bacteria may keep spreading. And faster than anyone expected, the problem we thought was in our grasp might wriggle free, and slip away.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-bottom:15px;"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom:25px;border-top:1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="margin:0px auto;max-width:600px;width:100%;"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font:17px 25px serif;margin:0px 0px 15px;"><span style="font-style:italic;font-size:inherit;">California <span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT679_com_zimbra_date"><span class="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849Object" id="ydpa7cc7bdayiv2426965849OBJ_PREFIX_DWT720_com_zimbra_date">Today</span></span> goes live at 6:30 a.m. Pacific time weekdays. 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